At the center of almost every known galaxy, including our Milky Way, is a supermassive black hole—black holes with the mass of millions or billions of our Sun. In some galaxies, there is also a lot of material at the center that feeds this supermassive black hole, making it “active.”

The most powerful type of such active galaxies are called quasars – they are among the brightest objects in the Universe. Most quasars appear “blue” due to a disk of material around them that feeds a supermassive black hole that radiates brightly in the optical and ultraviolet ranges.

However, astronomers have discovered that a significant portion of these quasars appear “red.” Understanding the physics of these red quasars requires spectroscopic measurements to analyze the quasar’s light in different wavelength ranges. The spectrum of a quasar can indicate the amount of dust in the space surrounding the central region. Observing radio emissions from quasars can also reveal evidence of a central supermassive black hole.

The study used spectroscopic observations from the DESI instrument, which was used to measure the amount of dust in a sample of about 35,000 quasars and relate the data to observed radio emission. The scientists found that DESI was able to observe much redder (dusty) quasars compared to similar previous spectroscopic studies, such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). And also “red” quasars much more often have stronger radio emission compared to typical “blue” quasars.

Dr Fossett said: “This study puts many pieces of the red quasar puzzle together and links the dust in the quasar to its radio emissions. I think this is the strongest evidence yet that ‘red’ quasars are a key element in the evolution of galaxies.”

The connection between quasar reddening and radio emission is likely due to powerful outbursts of gas from the supermassive black hole colliding with surrounding dust, generating waves and radio emission. These ejections eventually carry away all the dust and gas from the central region of the galaxy, revealing the blue quasar and leading to a weakening of the radio emission.

This process fits with the increasingly popular idea that “red” quasars are a younger phase in the evolution of galaxies. Therefore, they quasars could be extremely important for understanding how galaxies evolve over time.

On September 8, the central office of the Beijing Municipal Government released a notice on the “Implementation Plan for Promoting the Innovative Development of Future Industries.” This is the implementation of national plans and priorities published over the past two years.

The Plan lists specific areas within broad thematic sections. These include information technology (including 6G, artificial intelligence and quantum computing), manufacturing, healthcare, energy and space.

The Commercial Space Plan calls for accelerating the development and production of medium- and large-scale commercial rockets, 3D-printed rockets, reusable clean-burning rocket engines, and re-entry commercial spacecraft. The main efforts will be united in such areas as vertical launch and return of rockets, manned suborbital flights and clearing the Earth’s orbit of space debris. It is also planned to promote projects to create rocket engines and related key components, and build test sites.

The satellite section states its intent to actively support communications satellites, software-driven satellites, and mass production satellite platforms. Other priority areas focus on laser communications, high-precision radar and optical sensing of the Earth. Priorities include the development of satellite constellations for high-resolution data, fast updates, full coverage of optical and radar remote sensing systems, as well as low-orbit Internet of Things satellites and navigation satellite constellations.

The measures taken are already in line with China’s previously announced national plan to build a space-to-ground information network (or SGIIN). The country plans to create a system that integrates communications, remote sensing, navigation, meteorology and other satellite capabilities.

Beijing is home to a cluster of large state-owned and emerging commercial companies. Rocket companies are concentrated in the southern part of the city, while satellite-related businesses are concentrated in the northern part. In 2021, Beijing presented stages for the development of the satellite Internet industry.

Landspace, iSpace, Galactic Energy, Deep Blue Aerospace and Space Pioneer are a few of the leading commercial launch startups with headquarters or other key facilities in Beijing. GalaxySpace, Minospace, Smart Satellite and HEAD Aerospace are some of the commercial companies involved in satellite communications, small satellite manufacturing, synthetic aperture radar and other remote sensing satellites. Many of these companies are already engaged in activities described in Beijing’s Plan, including developing reusable rockets, expanding Earth remote sensing capabilities and mass production of satellites.

As a result, highlighting current achievements in the field of space exploration, the Chinese space agency has expressed its readiness to offer commercial cargo delivery.

Beijing’s policies are in line with guidance from the national plan: China’s central government announced plans to identify and develop future industries in March 2021, with a draft overall plan for the next five years (2021-2025) and long-term goals until 2035.

The Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 platform is expected to be presented in a month, and more and more test results for this SoC are appearing on the Internet. The new one is interesting because the platform was tested inside the new generation gaming smartphone Asus ROG Phone.

In Geekbench 6, the device scored 2213 and 7084 points in single-threaded and multi-threaded modes, respectively. This is significantly more than the Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 shows, but the new SoC Apple A17 Pro is still ahead with a score of about 2900 and 7200 points.

Moreover, if you cool the iPhone 15 Pro Max with an external fan, the result will be even higher: about 3000 and 7800 points. However, this only shows that the new iPhones do not have high-quality cooling, and in reality no one will carry an iPhone fan with them anyway.

Let us remember that Geekbench in this form is a benchmark of the processor part only. As for the GPU, yesterday we saw how the A17 Pro was significantly inferior to even the Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 in one of the tests.